今天走进“普鲁斯特效应”(Proustian Effect)
“一种舒坦的快感传遍全身,我感到超尘脱俗,却不知出自何因……我只觉得人生一世,荣辱得失都清淡如水。”
“突然,往事浮现在我的眼前。这味道,就是玛德琳小蛋糕的味道,那是在贡布雷时,在礼拜天上午,我到莱奥妮姑妈的房间里去请安时,她就把蛋糕浸泡在茶水或椴花茶里给我吃……”
谈谈起源,在普鲁斯特本人的语境中,他将这类现象称为 “非自愿记忆”(involuntary memory),区别于我们刻意回想时的“自愿记忆”。他在1913年的一次采访中说过,玛德琳蛋糕这一情节正是非自愿记忆的例证,而整部小说就是围绕着自愿记忆与非自愿记忆的区别展开的。
【Autobiographical memoriesactivated by the senses, particularly smell and taste, can be among the most potent and influential, an experience labelled the Proust Effect. Contemporary research has helped to explain the physiological, neurological, and psychological reasons underlying this phenomenon. Nostalgic memories triggered by taste and smell are especially self-relevant, arousing, and familiar. These memories have an even more positive emotional profile than nostalgic memories elicited by other means, with individuals reporting lower levels of negative or ambivalent emotions.】
相关研究表明,由感官激活的自传记忆,特别是嗅觉和味觉,可能是最有力和最有影响力的,这种体验被贴上了普鲁斯特效应的标签。当代研究有助于解释这种现象背后的生理、神经和心理原因。由味觉和嗅觉引发的怀旧记忆特别与我相关、令人兴奋和熟悉。与通过其他方式引发的怀旧记忆相比,这些记忆具有更积极的情绪特征,个人报告的负面或矛盾情绪水平较低。
文献详情见The proust effect: Scents, food, and nostalgia(ScienceDirect,2023)
Of smells

